Softening paste is a substance that can increase the softness of fiber.Softening pastewith excellent properties can also make fibers feel special, give different finishing styles, improve the quality grade and add value as well as increase the wearing comfort of clothes.
Softening paste used in industry can be divided into four categories: fat type, surface active dosage form, reactive type and polymer type according to its main active ingredients. The early softening agents were mainly in the former 3 categories. After entering the 1970s, the development and use of polymer softeners have attracted people's attention and have become the mainstream of softening finishing. In the series of polymer softeners, silicone softener chemistry (mainly organic polysiloxane) has the best properties and the largest yield. According to statistics, the world's currently used for textile finishing auxiliaries about 150 thousand tons of silicone, of which softening agent accounted for 70% to 80%.
The third generation silicone softener chemistry has good properties and can provide some additional functions for fabrics, but there are still some shortcomings. Therefore we should re—compound and modify silicone softeners to reduce production cost, improve the shortage of the third generation of it, and development of high molecular weight or novel silicone softener has the special function of the agent will become the focus of research in this field. At present, silicone softeners are expected to make progress in the following areas:
1.To reduce the cost of fluorine silicone softener
Fluoro silicone softener, whose water repellent oil repellent effect is good, has the extremely important value to the oil in rags, high-grade disposable clothing fabrics, leather products and some military aspects of waterproof clothing. But the cost for this agent of the production and application is high, therefore, how to reduce the cost of development, make it be suitable for preparation of environmentally friendly products, will be a director of development of this kind of softening agent.
2 Non-yellowing and moisture absorption modified amino silicone oil
The ethyl silicone oil, which is widely used in industry, has good softness, but it has heat yellowing, and the moisture absorption of finishing fabric is not good. Therefore, it is necessary to overcome these deficiencies by etherification, modification, and acylation modification.
3 Bactericidal silicone softener
Imidazoline, quaternary ammonium salt, betaine and other cationic groups and some heterocyclic ring have properties of sterilization and anti bacterial. Therefore, these groups are introduced into the siloxane side chain and the silicone softening agent with bactericidal and anti-mildew effect. In addition, the further modification, such as introducing fluorine into the aromatic ring, can further improve the bactericidal and bactericidal effects.
4. Fireproof and flame retardant organic silicon softening agent
Silicone oil has certain fire resistance. Thus, it is possible to prepare flame retardant organic silicon softener by introducing flame retardant groups such as bromine and phosphorus on the main chain/side chain of polysiloxane.
5. High molecular weight of Polysiloxane elastomer which is easily emulsified and non-stick roller type.
The relative molecular weight of more than 300 thousand or above 106cSt viscosity silicone elastic body (also known as the fourth generation of silicone softeners), gives the fabric a super smooth softness, elasticity, crease resistance and washing durability. But this kind of silicone elastomer is difficult to emulsify and easy to roll when using. So the development of easy emulsification, non-sticky and high molecular weight, excellent comprehensive properties such as the backbone structure of embedded polysiloxane, polysiloxane copolymer with high molecular weight hydrophilic segment will also be an important development direction of silicone softener.
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