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What are the Chemical Classification Methods of Surfactants in Textile Auxiliaries?

What are the Chemical Classification Methods of Surfactants in Textile Auxiliaries?

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According to their different chemical structure characteristics, textile auxiliaries are mainly divided into surfactants and polymers. Surfactants can be classified as anionic, cationic, amphoteric and nonionic according to their ionic properties.

Anionic surfactant

According to their hydrophilic groups, anionic surfactants can be divided into fatty carboxylates, fatty alcohol sulfates, alkyl sulfonates, alkyl benzene sulfonates and phosphate salts. As the surfactant with the longest application history, the largest usage and the lowest price, anionic surfactant has excellent cleaning, emulsifying and solubilizing effects. It is mainly used as detergent, wetting agent, scouring agent and leveling agent in textile processing.

Cationic surfactant

According to their different structures, cationic surfactants can be divided into primary amine salt, secondary amine salt, tertiary amine salt and quaternary ammonium salt. Because of its strong emulsifying, dispersing and foaming effects, cationic surfactants are often used as softeners, antistatic agents and leveling agents in textile processing.

Amphoteric surfactant

According to their different structures, amphoteric surfactants can be divided into aminocarboxylic acid, betaine and imidazoline. It not only has good penetration, emulsification and cleaning effects, but also has low biodegradability and good compatibility. It is often used as softener and leveling agent in textile finishing.


Non-ionic surfactant

According to their different structures, non-ionic surfactants can be divided into two categories: aliphatic alcohol polyoxyethylene ether and alkyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether. Because of its strong emulsifying, degreasing, solubilizing and low foaming properties, it is used in textile processing, second only to cationic surfactants, which is often used as emulsifier, leveling agent and scouring agent.

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